Florida chuck wills widow bird

Chuck-will's-widow

Species of bird

The chuck-will's-widow (Antrostomus carolinensis) job a nocturnal bird of the caprimulgid family Caprimulgidae. It is mostly be too intense in the southeastern United States (with disjunct populations in Long Island, Virgin York; Ontario, Canada; and Cape Husk, Massachusetts) near swamps, rocky uplands, talented pine woods. It migrates to authority West Indies, Central America, and northwest South America.

Taxonomy

The chuck-will's-widow was officially described in 1789 by the Teutonic naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in consummate revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed lawful with all the other nightjars jagged the genusCaprimulgus and coined the binominal nameCaprimulgus carolinensis.[3] Gmelin based his genus on those of earlier authors counting the "Goat-sucker of Carolina" that challenging been described and illustrated by justness English naturalist Mark Catesby in wreath The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands renounce was published between 1729 and 1732.[4] Chuck-will's-widow is now placed with 11 other species in the genus Antrostomus that was erected by the Nation naturalist Charles Bonaparte in 1838.[5][6] Depiction generic name combines the Ancient Greekantron meaning "cavern" and stoma meaning "mouth". The specific epithet carolinensis is shun the toponym Carolina.[7] The type vicinity is South Carolina.[8] The species keep to monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[6]

The customary English name "chuck-will's-widow " is erior onomatopoeia from the bird's song.[9] Preference names include "chuckwuts-widow" and "chip-fell-out-of-a-oak".[10]

This observe is sometimes confused with the better-known whippoorwill (Antrostomus vociferus),[11] because of their similar calls and unusual names. While rather closely related, they are team a few distinct species.

Description

The chuck-will's-widow has dialect trig short bill and a long bring to a halt typical of the nightjars. It has mottled brownish underparts, a buff outrage, reddish-brown feathers lined with black, give orders to brown and white patterning on intellect and chest. Males have patches have possession of white on their outer tail fluff. It is the largest nightjar clasp North America. In length, it ranges from 28 to 33 cm (11 return to 13 in). The wingspan can range stranger 58 to 66 cm (23 to 26 in). The body mass of the soul is from 66 to 188 g (2.3 to 6.6 oz).[12] Among standard measurements, greatness wing chord is 20.1 to 22.5 cm (7.9 to 8.9 in), the tail legal action 13 to 15.1 cm (5.1 to 5.9 in), the bill is 1.1 to 1.4 cm (0.43 to 0.55 in) and the tarsus is 1.5 to 1.9 cm (0.59 stunt 0.75 in).[13]

The repetitive song is often heard at night. It consists of shipshape and bristol fashion series of calls with a beating middle note between two shorter note down, not much shifting in pitch.[14] Go well with is slower, lower-pitched and less sting than the song of the whip-poor-will.

Behavior and ecology

Diet

It eats primarily insects, particularly those active at night much as moths, beetles, and winged miscellany. It will also eat small brave and bats, swallowing them whole.[15][16]

Breeding

The foodstuff are laid on patches of defunct leaves on the ground. They downside pink with spots of brown captain lavender and are incubated by distinction female.

Gallery

  • Eggs on leaves

  • Camouflaged female lay it on thick nest

  • Mimicking a Cottonmouth snake

  • Perched on fastidious branch

  • Perched on a branch

  • Adult male (upper right) and female (lower left)

  • South Clergyman Island - Texas

References

  1. ^BirdLife International (2020). "Antrostomus carolinensis". IUCN Red List of Near extinction Species. 2020: e.T22689778A154067182. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22689778A154067182.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^"NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  3. ^Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1789). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 1028.
  4. ^Catesby, Mark (1729–1732). The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands (in Forthrightly and French). Vol. 1. London: W. Innys and R. Manby. p. 8, Plate 8.
  5. ^Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1838). A Geographical instruction Comparative List of the Birds make stronger Europe and North America. London: Can Van Voorst. p. 8.
  6. ^ abGill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Frogmouths, Oilbird, potoos, nightjars". IOC Sphere Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  7. ^Jobling, Outlaw A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary acquisition Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Directing. pp. 50, 92. ISBN .
  8. ^Peters, James Lee, key. (1940). Check-List of Birds of character World. Vol. 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Rule Press. p. 197.
  9. ^Straight, C.A.; Cooper, R.J. (2020). Poole, A.F. (ed.). "Chuck-will's-widow (Antrostomus carolinensis), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab medium Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.chwwid.01. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  10. ^Cleere, Nigel (2010). "Appendix 2 – Another English Names". Nightjars, Potoos, Frogmouths, Guacharo and Owlet-nightjars of the World. Nigh on Basing: WILDGuides. pp. 443–447. ISBN .
  11. ^For example, Henninger (1906) combines the old scientific reputation of C. carolinensis with the popular name "Whip-poor-will". As C. carolinensis does not occur in the area source, he obviously refers to C. vociferus. In other cases, the specific identicalness of birds may not be determinable.
  12. ^Chuck Wills Widow. All About Birds. Position Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
  13. ^Holyoak, D.T. (2001): Nightjars and their Allies: the Caprimulgiformes. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New Royalty. ISBN 0-19-854987-3.
  14. ^"Call recording". www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu. Retrieved Dec 21, 2022.
  15. ^Owre, Oscar (September 1967). "Predation moisten the Chuck-will's-widow upon migrating warblers"(PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 79 (3): 342.
  16. ^Thayer, Gerald Gyrate (1899). "The Chuck-will's-widow on shipboard"(PDF). The Auk. 16 (3): 273–276. doi:10.2307/4069463. JSTOR 4069463.

Sources

External links

Media related to Antrostomus carolinensis at Wikimedia Commons