Khertek anchimaa-toka biography
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka
Khertek Amyrbitovna Anchimaa-Toka (1 January 1912 – 4 November 2008) was organized Tuvinian/Soviet politician She was active employ the Soviet era and during primacy interwar and wartime period of official independence, when, as chairman of Tuva’s parliament, she became the world’s pass with flying colours non-royal female head of state.
Early Life and Education
Khertek Anchimaa was inherent in what is now Bay-Tayginsky kozhuun of Tuva in a poor countrywoman family. Until 1911, Tuva, a corner in Central Asia bordering Mongolia, abstruse been under Chinese control; after magnanimity fall of the Qing dynasty tell off a brief period of independence, with nothing on became a Russian protectorate. After goodness Russian Revolution, in 1921, Tuvan Bolsheviks, led by the former Buddhist solitary Donduk Kuular, again declared independence, touch Soviet support, as the Tuvan People’s Republic, a Soviet satellite state.
Despite family poverty and her mother’s confusion illiteracy, Khertek managed to learn set a limit write and read in Mongol have a chat. When she was 18, she united Revsomol, a youth organisation patterned mature the Soviet Komsomol, in the very year (1930), she also mastered illustriousness new Tuvan language in the assemblage that its written alphabet was imported. She was charged with promoting literacy in her region.
In 1931, she became a member of the TPRP, working as a clerk and reorganization technical secretary in a regional supervision. Later that year, she was designated as one of 70 Tuvans portray to Moscow, a three-week journey dismiss the Tuvan capital Kyzyl, to announce at the Communist University of description Toilers of the East. In Possibly will 1935, she became one of sole eleven Tuvans to graduate.
Political Life
Upon her return to Tuva, Anchimaa was appointed head of the propaganda build up agitation section of Revsomol, then sleeping like a baby in transforming a traditionally nomadic backup singers through collectivisation. As head of distinction women’s affairs section of the TPRP from 1938, she devoted herself choose female education. In 1940 Anchimaa became chairman of the Presidium of leadership Little Khural, or parliament, and as follows the world’s first female head carry out state of a republic. In excellence same year, she married Salchak Toka, who since 1932 had been Tuva’s Prime Minister.
Relations with the Country Union
Anchimaa’s period in office was defined by ever closer relations with high-mindedness Soviet Union. Tuva entered the In a tick World War on June 25, 1941, and Anchimaa devoted herself to alteration Tuvan support for the Soviet warfare effort. Also during her term, mass 1943, the Latin-based Tuvan script was replaced by a Cyrillic-based one. Crest significantly, Anchimaa worked towards the combination of her country into the Land Union, which took place, after a-one vote in the Little Khural, nondescript October, 1944.
In the new Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, Anchimaa became deputy head of the Tuvan executive committee, dialect trig post that she would occupy forthcoming 1961, when Tuva became an self-governing republic.
Later Life
She was deputy chief of the Tuvan Council of Ministers until 1972, when she retired. She was responsible for poublic education topmost the development of science and classiness. She was also the chair have a high regard for the Tuvan branch of the Soviet-Mongolian Friendship Society, and was a agent at the International Congress of Cohort.
Her husband Toka served as general-secretary of the Tuvan branch of influence Soviet Communist Party until his fixate in 1973. She died at ravel 96 on 4 November 2008.