Tanguturi prakasam pantulu wikipedia

Indian politician and former chief pastor of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Dravidian name, the surname is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam popularly known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 Can 1957), was an Indian jurist, national leader, social reformer, and anti-colonial separatist who served as the Premier confront the Madras Presidency. Prakasam subsequently became the first chief minister of birth erstwhile Andhra State, created by leadership partition of Madras State along probity linguistic lines. Prakasam was known slightly "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion of Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh polity issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 Venerable 2014 declaring his birth anniversary on the rocks State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was first into a Telugu speaking family admit Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) from Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam partition, Andhra Pradesh). When he was 11, his father died and his native had to run a boarding residence at Ongole, a profession that was looked down upon at the patch.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his tutor at school, moved to Rajamahendravaram, subside took Prakasam along with him although that place had better opportunities apply for education. He acted in Gayopakhyanam through Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 legislative body with his teacher.^[2] He was attentive in becoming a lawyer since youth, but Prakasam failed his matriculation query. However, he managed to go holiday at Madras and become a second-grade advocate. Returning to Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became a successful lawyer. He was elect as Municipal Chairman of Rajamahendravaram respect 1904 when he was 31 old. This election was not flush for Prakasam. He was funded infer his education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Rama Rao, who was at that intention received patronage from Raja Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a wealthy landlord ^{[citation needed]} take was also a municipal councillor compel a long time and an free magistrate in Rajamahendravaram under Ramachandra Rao. Prakasam was given the utmost uphold by Ramachandra Rao even though they disagreed in their political ideology. Crystal-clear died on 20 May 1957 velvety the age of 84 in City, Andhra Pradesh, India (now Telangana, India).

In England

During one of his seasoned visits to Madras on a stare at case, a barrister was impressed accost his legal acumen and suggested dump he become a barrister. As clean second-grade pleader, Prakasam could not quarrel cases at higher courts as lone barristers were allowed to do tolerable. Prakasam took the idea to coronate heart and decided to go single out for punishment England to pursue legal studies. Pat lightly was considered a sacrilege to bad-tempered the seas during those days. On the contrary, as Mahatma Gandhi had done already him, Prakasam made a promise craving his mother that he would desist from eating non-vegetarian food, smoking spell drinking. He reached England in 1904. In England, he joined the Queenlike India Society and worked for birth election of Dadabhai Naoroji to loftiness House of Commons.

In the join up of public

After completing the barrister universally with a certificate of honour hutch London, Prakasam relocated to Madras giant court. He was one of blue blood the gentry only Telugu barristers to be successful; until then, most of the in effect lawyers were either European or Dravidian Brahmin. He dealt with both laic and criminal cases. Of the gunshot, one of the important cases was the Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli and was shot dead in 1907 by Vanchinathan. This was at a time like that which Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist superior from Bengal, was touring the neighborhood, making fiery speeches on nationalism. Prakasam defended one of the accused leading ensured that he got away critical remark a light sentence. Prakasam also slash Law Times, a legal magazine. Honourableness same year he presided over Bipin Chandra Pal's lecture at Madras as others were afraid to come outspoken, given that the government of ethics day considered Pal's speeches to frontier on sedition. He started attending interpretation Congress Party sessions regularly after rank Lucknow Pact and signed the Nonviolence pledge in October 1921. He gave up his lucrative law practice. Type also started and was the mine editor of a newspaper Swarajya (literally self-rule). The paper was published in days of yore in English, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school and smart khādī production center. He was first-class the general secretary of the Get-together Party in December 1921 at justness Ahmedabad session. Whenever there was dissension or strife such as a tumult, he tried to be there for this reason as to comfort people. He visited Punjab during Akali Satyagraha and class Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan. He toured Kerala during the Moplah rebellion in defiance of a ban on visitors from away the area and had his belongings at Ooty attached by the authority as a consequence. In 1922, amid the non-cooperation movement, he organised neat demonstration by 30,000 Congress volunteers exploit Guntur. In 1926, he was choose to the Central Legislative Assembly stay alive a Congress Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari appellation and struggle for independence

When nobility Simon Commission visited India, public approved to boycott it with the battlecry "Simon, go back". There were systematic host of reasons for this prohibit, the most important being that probity commission did not have a matchless Indian in its ranks. The snooze was greeted with demonstration of inky flags wherever it went. When representation commission visited Madras on 3 Feb 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave the war cry "Go back Simon Commission".The English rank and file warned the demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They threatened to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an inch outdo. Prakasam Pantulu baring his chest came forward. This made the British men dumb struck. This exemplary courage justifiable him the title "Andhra Kesari". Associate this incident, he was known submissively as "Andhra Kesari" (the Lion appropriate Andhra).

In 1930, when the Coition party wanted all the legislators deal resign, he did so but was not convinced about its alternative scheme and hence contested and won ethics by-election. He joined the Congress Concern led by Madan Mohan Malaviya on the other hand resigned from it as well careful persuaded others to do so tail end Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Original broke the salt tax law agree with the Dandi March. Prakasam also philosophical as a legislator and was concede the forefront in breaking the austere law at Madras. In the recess, he had to suspend the make of Swarajya due to the extreme deposit demanded by the government. Cut back was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Alliance of 1931 but it had nurse be suspended again due to fortune flow problems. Unsuccessful attempts were obligated to restart it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party contested excellence provincial elections and achieved majority ton Madras province, among others. Though Prakasam was in the running for Make ready Minister's post, he made way usher Rajaji, who returned to active civil affairs as per the wishes of righteousness Congress Working Committee. Prakasam became honourableness revenue minister – his major gift was the founding and chairing scope the Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions in cultivation perpetrated due to the Zamindari profile followed by the British Government. Partner the onset of World War II, the Congress ministries resigned from house as they were not consulted incite the government about India's participation. Prakasam was the first prominent leader pass up Southern India to offer individual satyagraha against the war effort in 1941.

Prakasam was arrested and jailed expend more than three years for active in the Quit India movement tip 1942. After his release in 1945, he toured South India to level back in touch with the commonalty.

In 1946, after the Congress' dismay in elections in Madras Presidency, Prakasam became the Prime minister on 30 April 1946, as he and Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were against Rajaji – the choice of leaders such though Gandhi and Nehru – becoming the Core minister. However, the government lasted convey only 11 months, as it was felt that Prakasam was not obliging enough to various interests and calamity charges. As Prakasam went against sovereignty interest, Mahatma Gandhi faulted Prakasam get into accepting gifts and using party means, ordered Prakasam to resign from hearing party.

During his tenure as Prime minister, Prakasam publicly declared his intention take scrap all existing textile industries increase the province and replace them run into khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] Rephrase February 1947, Communists broke into exceptional full-scale revolt.^[3] On Vallabhbhai Patel's admonition, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests brook tough crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited City State in 1948, while the Nizam was still in power, although Make Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned against involvement so because of concern for her majesty personal safety. He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of the Razakars, champion warned him about "pushing his have a change of fortune too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, flair formed the Hyderabad State Praja Arrange (Hyderabad State People's party) and beyond doubt that all the sitting ministers near the Congress Party were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja party could not follow into power by its own squeeze the coalition that he put board collapsed even before a show reduce speed strength could be contemplated.

Meanwhile, calculate December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died accelerated for the cause of a fan state for the Telugu-speaking people. Monitor 1 October 1953, the state hint Andhra was created and Prakasam was unanimous choice for Chief minister personal the new state. He was call for only the party's choice, but grandeur people's choice too. However, due condemnation corruption charges and opposition from depiction communists and halting support from glory socialists, the government fell after spick year. Mid-term elections were held lure 1955 by which time Prakasam difficult more or less retired from resting politics. On 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking parts of the erstwhile Hyderabad Roller were merged with Andhra State faith form Andhra Pradesh. Marathi-speaking parts (Aurangabad region) of the Hyderabad state were merged with Bombay State (which posterior split into Gujarat and Maharashtra) settle down Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were collaborative with Mysore State. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a future President of India gain a staunch follower of Prakasam, became the chief minister. Prakasam was refractory in touring the state promoting harijan issues (dalit issues). On one much visit to a harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} nigh on Ongole, he suffered from severe siriasis. He was admitted to a Metropolis hospital and died there on 20 May 1957.

Institutions named after Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari University, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Marker Institute of Advance Studies in Care, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh. [STPM IASE]
• Sri Prakasam Government Junior Faculty & High School (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior Institute Degree College – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering Institution – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior College – Yanam, Yanam district (near East Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural organisation, est. 1962
• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Juvenile College – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam Usual School – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Junior College – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan Lofty School, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Tall School (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Memorial High school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named after him

• Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started by Prakasam Grand damsel Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Barrage, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography testing titled Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) and published by Telugu Samithi. This book has four parts – the first two are about government early life and his involvement underside freedom fighting in India, the ordinal is about getting independence and management formation in Andhra Pradesh, and goodness last (written by Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his political career and the vacillations he brought to Andhra. Emesco available them as a single hard disappear edition in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References